The film with 3 names: in praise of Sergio Leone’s neglected spaghetti western (2024)

Features

Coming between Once upon a Time in the West and Once upon a Time in America, the explosive middle part of the 'Once upon a Time' trilogy is the ugly duckling in Sergio Leone's career. But it deserves another look.

24 April 2018

ByMatthew Thrift

The film with 3 names: in praise of Sergio Leone’s neglected spaghetti western (1)A Fistful of Dynamite (1971)

For a filmmaker who’d made his name idiosyncratically riffing on the iconography of the American western,Sergio Leonemust have had pause for thought when considering how best to followOnce upon a Time in the West. An epic vision that raised the genre’s self-mythologising tendencies to operatic heights, the 1968 film felt like a summation of Leone’s ever-inflating style, painted on his grandest canvas yet. This was a tough act for any filmmaker to follow, let alone one as predisposed to insecurity asLeone.

Stanley Kubrickhad phoned to express admiration for the film, soon echoed by the clan at French journal Cahiers du Cinéma, whileJohn Boormancalled it, “Both the greatest and the lastwestern.”

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Not everyone was quite so kind (“This one is the very end, the end of a craft. This one is deadly…” wroteWim Wenders), but Leone appeared happy to accept the mantle of intellectualism proffered by the cinephiles of summer’68.

The film with 3 names: in praise of Sergio Leone’s neglected spaghetti western (2)

There’s no better account of the personal myth-making that followed than that inChristopher Frayling’s tremendous Leone biography, Something to Do with Death, which recounts Leone’s disillusionment with both Italian politics and the political cinema championed by the inheritors of the ‘spaghetti western’ and the students of ’68alike.

With this in mind, it’s perhaps surprising that the project that followed Once upon a Time in the West would prove to be the filmmaker’s most politically engaged – at leastsuperficially.

The working title of Once upon a Time… the Revolution (changed to avoid confusion withBernardo Bertolucci’s 1964 filmBefore the Revolution) signified Leone’s desire for the film to be considered the second part of a new trilogy, following his Dollars trilogy withClint Eastwood.

“I wanted to bring one period of my work to a close,” said Leone, “So I revisited some of the big situations in my earlier films… I pushed myself to treat them differently, while remaining faithful to my style. Then I took account of the fact that [the film] could become the second panel of a new triptych… this one would push the story on to the second American frontier… After that, I knew I would be ready to speak of my defining fantasies: my relationship with America, lost friendship and thecinema.”

Released as A Fistful of Dynamite in the UK, andDuck, You Suckerin the US (a phrase Leone insisted was part of the American idiom), the resulting film was received coolly by audiences when it hit screens. Perhaps that’s the reason it’s seen as the ugly duckling in the Leone canon today, rarely spoken of in the same breath as the Once upon a Time films that bracketit.

The film with 3 names: in praise of Sergio Leone’s neglected spaghetti western (3)

It’s a film well worth rediscovering, especially on the big screen. Leone’s approach to the notion of revolution is as romantically bittersweet as that of the western or the gangster picture that would follow withOnce upon a Time in America(1984). “Here, the Mexican revolution is only a symbol,” he said, “Not the ‘historical’ one. It only interested me in relation tocinema.”

The cinematic references are there from an opening shot, which seesRod Steiger’s bandit, Juan, pissing on a swarm of ants. Is this a disdainful swipe atSam Peckinpah, whoseThe Wild Bunch(1969) opens with a similar shot of swarming scorpions? It wouldn’t be surprising given that Leone sought him as director for the project in its early stages, only to berebuffed.

There are hints ofJohn Ford’sThe Informer(1935) too, especially in the flashback sequences that fill in the background ofJames Coburn’s Irish terrorist, Sean.Peter Bogdanovich, who was brought on as a writer only to be swiftly booted back to America, proved less than charitable when discussing the comparison with Frayling: “Ford understood what America was about before Leone was even born, and now, in his grave, he understands more than Leone will everknow.”

The film with 3 names: in praise of Sergio Leone’s neglected spaghetti western (4)

A movie that begins with a modish, screen-filling quote from Chairman Mao is never going to be subtle, but subtlety was never a weapon in the Leone arsenal. The film is at its best in drawing out the relationship between Steiger’s reluctant revolutionary and Coburn’s world-weary counterpoint – a man who stands to lose everything in the name of a futile cause, and a man who’s already lostit.

As Frayling makes a case for it: “Juan builds a close relationship with Sean, and develops as a result of it. Through the serious trouble into which he is then led, he moves from stereotype to human being, from actor on the puppet stage to life-sized person. This makes him a first in Leone’scinema.”

The film with 3 names: in praise of Sergio Leone’s neglected spaghetti western (5)

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The film with 3 names: in praise of Sergio Leone’s neglected spaghetti western (2024)

FAQs

How many movies did Clint Eastwood make with Sergio Leone? ›

Total (3 films)

Although not Leone's intention, the three films came to be considered a trilogy following the exploits of the same so-called "Man with No Name" (portrayed by Clint Eastwood, wearing the same clothes and acting with the same mannerisms).

What was Sergio Leones' last film? ›

According to biographer Sir Christopher Frayling, Leone was deeply hurt by the studio-imposed editing and poor commercial reception of Once Upon a Time in America in North America. It was his last film. In 1988, he was head of the jury at the 45th Venice International Film Festival.

What 1971 Italian Western movie was directed by Sergio Leone? ›

(Italian: Giù la testa, lit. "Duck Your Head", "Get Down"), also known as A Fistful of Dynamite and Once Upon a Time ... the Revolution, is a 1971 epic Zapata Western film directed and co-written by Sergio Leone and starring Rod Steiger, James Coburn, and Romolo Valli.

Was Clint Eastwood supposed to be in Once Upon a Time in the West? ›

After Clint Eastwood turned down an offer to play the movie's protagonist, Bronson was offered the role. During production, Leone recruited Donati to rewrite the script due to concerns over time limitations. The original version by the director was 166 minutes when it was first released on December 21, 1968.

Why did Clint Eastwood quit Rawhide? ›

While he evolved from a hot-headed youngster to a more mature figure, Yates wasn't a character with great depth or nuance. After Fleming exited, Eastwood wasn't happy with being made the main character, despite an increased salary.

What unknown actor most benefited from the Spaghetti Western? ›

Eastwood's big-screen breakthrough came as The Man with No Name in Sergio Leone's trilogy of excellent spaghetti westerns: A Fistful of Dollars (1964), For a Few Dollars More (1965), and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966).

Why are they called Spaghetti Westerns? ›

“Spaghetti” Westerns are a subgenre of Westerns whose name references the circ*mstances and location of their filming. Generally, a Spaghetti Western is a low-budget film produced by Italian directors (hence the “spaghetti” connection) and filmed in Europe, primarily in Almería and the Tabernas Desert.

Who is the most famous Spaghetti Western director? ›

Sergio Leone (born January 3, 1929, Rome, Italy—died April 30, 1989, Rome) was an Italian motion-picture director who was known primarily for his popularization of the “spaghetti western,” a subgenre of movies that were made in Italy but set in the 19th-century American West.

Did they speak Italian in the spaghetti westerns? ›

Spaghetti westerns, however, possess no “original” language. They weren't shot with any sound at all: Italian filmmakers, from directors of cheesy gladiator epics to Federico Fellini, often shot silently, synchronizing sound and dialogue in postproduction.

What movie started spaghetti westerns? ›

The Dollars trilogy (1964-66)

Already containing many of Leone's visual trademarks and a score by Morricone, A Fistful of Dollars set the template for spaghetti westerns to come.

Where is Sergio Leone buried? ›

Sergio Leone was buried, following his own wish, in the small Cemetery of Pratica di Mare, a hamlet of Pomezia, a place that in the 1960s he had turned into a film set for shooting some of his most famous films.

Did Sergio Leone like Clint Eastwood? ›

While it was Eastwood that provided Leone with a future icon to feature in his spaghetti westerns, and Leone helped Eastwood get his leg up into his career, Leone once suggested that he does not consider Eastwood a proper actor in the same vein as the likes of Robert De Niro.

How old was Henry Fonda in Once Upon a Time in the West? ›

It deserves recognition. In Once Upon a Time in the West, Leone turns the western askew. All the fundamentals are up for grabs. When you have a character Frank, played by 63-year old Henry Fonda, shoot and kill a young boy, you are in shocking territory.

Why did Clint Eastwood reject Once Upon a Time in the West? ›

While Eastwood eventually understood the artistic scope of "Once Upon a Time in the West," he still saw it as "just another pasta dish." He also realized that he would still be the poncho and the squint to the film's more colorful characters, roles eventually filled by Henry Fonda and Jason Robards.

Who is the most famous spaghetti western director? ›

Sergio Leone (born January 3, 1929, Rome, Italy—died April 30, 1989, Rome) was an Italian motion-picture director who was known primarily for his popularization of the “spaghetti western,” a subgenre of movies that were made in Italy but set in the 19th-century American West.

How many movies did John Wayne and Clint Eastwood make together? ›

Clint and John never worked together, but they did meet when Clint visited the set of 1976's The Shootist. “John persisted with 'comfort westerns,' some of which made money,” says Eyman. But things were changing.

How old was Clint Eastwood in A Fistful of Dollars? ›

'A Fistful of Dollars' (1964)

In search of an actor to headline his Western “homage” to the Japanese movie Yojimbo, Italian director Sergio Leone wanted Henry Fonda, James Coburn, Charles Bronson. When somebody showed him an episode of Rawhide and suggested the 34-year-old Eastwood, the filmmaker scoffed: This guy?

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